Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS
prevention towards
drug harm reduction campaign in Bahir Dar University
The Amhara region HIV/AIDS
control secretariats funded campaign project
BY –Ayele Addis
IDNO_033/04
course title: PUBLIC
relations-theory and practices
Course code:MeCo 504
Advisor: Dr.pramod
1. Introduction
The way of ‘doing PR’ is developed from observed practice and helps
predict outcomes. This, in turn, gives greater strength to practitioners in developing
robust campaigns. Evaluation helps them define campaigns, monitor their
progress and provide evidence of outcomes. So theory and sound evaluation
practices can and should go hand-in-hand.
1.2 Project justification
In Ethiopia, as in many countries in the industrialized
world and elsewhere, people embark on their sexual lives when they are in their
teens-often in there early or mid-teens. And yet to date, there is no
reproductive health education in schools that would prepare girls and boys to
avoid early sex or to adopt safer sexual practices.
High levels of teen pregnancies, and pregnancy outside of
marriage, do tell us two things: young people are very sexually active, and few
of them use condoms. If young people are having unprotected sex with several
partners, or if their single partner has ever had other partners, they are
exposed not just to pregnancy but to infection with sexually transmitted
diseases, including the one that can kill them: HIV.
Often, girls become infected at younger ages than boys.
This age gap at infection indicates that young girls are getting infected
through sex with older men. Many girls may choose such relationships because
they come with gifts, money or other favors attached. But some will simply have
been powerless to resist. Unwilling sex with an infected partner carries a high
risk of HIV infection for girls. As infection raises in the general population,
so does the likelihood of encountering an infected partner (especially an older
partner) early in one's sexual career. Over time, then, new infections become
increasingly concentrated in the youngest age groups.
Young people continue to be at risk catching of HIV/AIDS
throughout their sexually active lives and all should benefit from services and
information that allow them to reduce their risk of infection. However, efforts
to promote safer behavior are especially crucial for young people, who in
mature epidemics are those at greatest risk. Prevention efforts also seem to
have a greater chance of success among younger people than among people whose
sexual habits are well ingrained. For example, following active condom
promotion and education campaigns in school and among youth groups, dramatic
declines have been recorded in infection rates among teenagers in Ethiopia.
1.3
Background
• According to the World Health
Organization (WHO) estimates, there are about 2 billion
people worldwide who consume
alcoholic beverages, 76.3 million people live with
diagnosable alcohol use disorders,
about 1.8 million alcohol use related deaths (3.2% of
total).
• 37% of alcohol abusers and 53% of
drug users also have at least one serious mental illness
Of all people diagnosed with a
mental illness, 29% abuse either alcohol or drugs.
• Overall the prevalence of alcohol
drinking and taken drag in Ethiopia is high and it’s
believed to be still increasing.
• Use of alcohol and taken drag were
associated with increased levels of unprotected sex in
the previous last 12 months in both
the adult and youth study populations (BSS 2002)
• Alcohol and taken drag use
substantially and significantly increase the likelihood of having
multiple sexual partnerships;
• Those that use alcohol and taken drag
are about twice likely to have more expose to un safe
sex and hiv/aids compared to those
who are not using these substances.
• Condom use is less by at least 50%
among alcohol and taken dru g users
compared to those
who do not use these substances.
• Chewing taken drug in the last four
weeks was significantly associated with non-adherence;
taken drug chewers were 2.2 times more
likely not to adhere to ART compared to those who
did not taken drag.
1.4 About the organization
Amhara Region HIV/AIDS Prevention &Control
Coordination Office (Amhara HAPCO).The National HIV/AIDS prevention and control
council (NACS) was established in 2000. Following this the Amhara Regional
HIV/AIDS prevention and Control Council Secretariat (ARACS) has been
established under proclamation number 17/1993, revision 73/1994. Later on during Business Process
Reengineering, it is named as Amhara region HIV/AIDS Prevention, Control and
Coordination Office (HAPCO). Currently it is aggressively playing its mandated
role in coordinating the HIV/AIDS prevention and control activities in the
region whoever the implementer is.
Vision
To see Amhara Region
free of HIV/AIDS
Mission
Coordinate HIV/AIDS
prevention and control activities of Government sectors NGOs, CBOs, FBOs PLWHA
Association and other implementers, build their capacity, leveraging resources
from different sources, facilitate Networking and Partnership, establish
monitoring and Evaluation system to strengthen & intensify the multi-
sector HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control responses.
OBJECTIVES
Support institutions to
mainstream HIV/AIDS in their development agenda.
Establish and strengthen partnership and
networking among different institutions to promote concerted efforts and
enhance experience sharing.
Promote the establishment associations of
PLWHAs and build their capacity in response to HIV/AIDS.
Promote advocacy among all levels of
government administrations through opinion and religious leaders.
Advocate and design system to mobilize the
community to participate and own the response especially in provision of care
& support.
STRATEGIC RESPONSE AREAS
The regional HIV/AIDS
response has two major strategic areas, namely creating enabling environment
& priority programmatic thematic areas.
1. Creating enabling environment:
Capacity building, Community mobilization & empowerment, Leadership and governance,
Mainstreaming, Coordination, and Partnership & networking.
2. Priority
programmatic thematic areas: Intensifying HIV prevention, Increasing access
& quality of chronic care & treatment, Strengthen care & support,
and enhance generation & use of strategic information.
1.5 MISSION
STATEMENT
Safe sexual reproductive and hiv/aids prevention towards
drag harm reduction in Bahir Dar university students and staff members. Bahir
Dar University is a big institution in the country. More than 30,000 students
are following their higher education every academic year in the regular and
extension programs. They are very young and vulnerable for HIV/AIDS and highly expose
to drag user and alcohol drinker. Our vision/mission is crate awareness and
come to change this young generation to keep risk from HIV/AIDS and related
disease also works for a good citizen.
The mission of this campaign are to describe those interventions aimed at decreasing
AIDS, sexual related disease and
reduction of drag using. Plan common
characteristics and audiences, and identify which aspects of these
interventions have proven successful. In addition, we plan lessons learned from
planning, designing, testing, implementing, measuring, and evaluating programs
to reduce AIDS, sexual related disease and reduction of drag using. We have intentionally
maintained a global perspective, though the majority of the studies reviewed in
this plan are AIDS, sexual related disease and reduction of drag using reduction
initiatives in the Bahir Dar University. But with 90 percent of the burden of
Disease in the young population the imperative of international public health
must be to Search for, test, and implement strategies that reduce AIDS, sexual
related disease and reduction of drag using in these university campuses.
1.6 This
campaign aims to
Many school going youth (girls and boys) have resorted to
exchanging sex for material gains, all of which increase the risk of
contracting HIV and other sexual transmitting disease. Young girls face an
increased risk of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions, while health
infrastructure continues to deteriorate, hampering the population’s access to
information and services related to reproductive
health. Reproductive health issues and concerns, including those
related to sexual transmitting disease, HIV/AIDS, are ignored or the concerned
parties respond passively to them. And also they are more expose for drag users
and alcohol drank this might be one of the rational factor for HIV/AIDS transmission
through unsafe sex.
1.7 Specific aims are as follows:
The production of booklets, leaflets and posters to
inform and educate target groups (people between the ages of more than 18 years old /university society/, young
peoples, and couples who intend on having children in the future) about
HIV/AIDS and drag /alcohol/ reduction.
1.8 project goal
To change the “passive culture” amongst young people by
helping they learn to secure their existence in the social economical
environment and play their active role in promoting safe sexual reproductive,
drag harm reduction, and HIV/AIDS prevention practices
Establish the campaign the major problem reduction musical
festival, model peer to peer and peer outreach communication program and
Demonstrate Alcohol and Khat counseling integration into the university health
institutions targeting at Bahir Dar University.
1.9 OBJECTIVE(S):
1.9.1 The Project
main objectives include
To reduce the spread of HIV/ AIDS by providing access of
appropriate and meaningful information, raising awareness and encouraging
discussion across university students through Entertainment (educative and
informative ceremonies) prioritizing young people(in Bahir Dar
university).
To Increase information flow among young people in the
two Bahir Dar university campuses poly-peda students inter relationship between
HIV/AIDS and Sexual reproductive health (SRH).
In collaboration with educational institutions (Bahir Dar
university) show some education enhancing musical festivals, seminar,
conference and media/TV, radio/special programs focusing on the HIV/AIDS; and
Gender Bases Violence.
To strengthen Stakeholder
partnerships between AIDS agencies and organizations representing the target
groups;
To develop the use
collaboration to prevent HIV/AIDS and to promote Stakeholder HIV/ AIDS measures
and initiatives.
To reduce the level of
HIV risk practices related to drag consumption among target groups.
To improve access of
target groups to drag abuse related HIV harm reduction info and services
through musical festivals, seminar, conference and media/TV,
radio/special programs.
To build the capacity
of targeted health facilities to integrate drag abuse and associated risk
counseling in their existing services.
1.10 Purpose of the campaign
The campaign rises to
stand on come out the result;
Create awareness among
the target group,
Increase knowledge of
condom and sexual related dieses,
Increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS,
Comes to see the
behavioral change safe sexual reproductive health.
Increase condom use,
especially for high-risk sex;
Increase the proportion
of young people identifying a formal source of condoms;
Increase the proportion
of young people more than 18 years of age with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS; and Reduce drag using in targeted university.
2 .SWOT ANALYSIS
2.1 STRENGTHS
The main strength of this campaign is
strengths or positive features identified that may bolster activities targeting
young university students were:
Human resources:
the existence of trained staff, technical support at the regional levels,
networks and/or countries or organizations with a wide range of experience that
are capable of assisting, training and advising others;
The production and
distribution of booklets, leaflets and posters are available,
Seminars and a Music
Festival ready for operation,
The Launch of a Website
–available,
Final Conference
setting and place also- available,
The recognition that
HIV/AIDS clubs in the university is in a good arena for movement of campaign
available on cost minimize in the university.
The collaboration of
supporters,
The university society
big encouragement,
Funds:
these are available;
Infrastructure:
the existence of offices and technical teams;
Development of suitable
models for intervention and educational material for the region;
The recognition of the
need to adapt information;
The building of an HIV/AIDS
concern clubs and associations identity;
Different departments
and faculties, individuals and groups, a sense of commitment;
2.2 WEAKNESSES
The following
weaknesses or negative points were identified:
Overall
Unequal sharing of
financial and human resources and of technical capacity; ideas and models
suited to large cities are imposed on rural areas and smaller cities;
Absence of local and
international financial support; there are few sponsors, and community groups
dispute the use of funds;
The lack of leadership
and participative planning, training and experience among human resources;
overwork and exhaustion.
NGOs
The failure to define
objectives and excessive professionalization that may cause workers to lose
sight of the original objectives;
Networks: there is a
lot of talk but projects lack sustainability.
Problems affecting the drag
and alcohol sellers in the community:
Political splits and
poor organization; discrimination between Social classes and sexual roles;
Low self-esteem because
of the supremacy of the society counts sexual talk’s level in rudeness culture.
Failure to define
needs; inappropriate use of existing resources and failure to implement
existing legislation;
2.3 SWOT ANALYSIS | OPPORTUNITIES
Existing opportunities should be used to
promote HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support among student.
As regards policies and
the government sphere:
Support from the
regional of health office and the desire of other organizations to become
involved in the area;
Alliances and exchanges
among governmental and nongovernmental organizations;
Greater HIV/AIDS
prevention representation and participation in national policies;
Implementation of
existing legislation and of specific legislation on HIV/AIDS;
Sociocultural:
The trend towards a
more progressive and open culture;
Better acceptance
within society for reduction of drag use and alcohol in the political
organizations;
Greater tolerance by
among followers of religions.
Mass media:
Acceptance by society
and more positive coverage of HIV/AIDS and sexual related issues,
HIV/AIDS and human
rights in the mass media; expand information workshops for journalists.
Economic:
Improve support from
the private sector and sponsors and apply for loans, international funding and
commitment by governments.
Resources:
Improve access to
information and drugs; make use of modern technology such as telecommunications.
Political and
governmental:
Adopt a more
comprehensive approach to health and take advantage of decentralization;
Improve the
organization of the clubs and associations involved in AIDS and its networks.
2.4 SWOT ANALYSIS | THREATS
The main threat is that
this campaign is not sustainable in that the message is no longer conveyed once
the seminars, music festivals, and conference take place.
The biggest challenge
is obtaining the necessary funding to implement campaign;
Failure to respect
national laws and limited use of legal mechanisms;
Policies fail to take
existing legislation into account;
The prevalence of
external models and demands over the activities carried out.
Students may reluctant
to participate in the event.
Health systems:
Failure to classify
specific subgroups in epidemiological information systems;
Weakness in medical and
hospital infrastructure;
Privatization,
decentralization and reform of the health-care system;
Sex talk phobia among students,
health-care workers and fear of HIV/AIDS.
Sociocultural:
Discrimination against young
HIV/AIDS positive, stigmatization of vulnerable groups,
Fundamentalist forces;
opposition by the church and religious ideas that hinder the expression of
sexuality; dual moral standards and the Sex talk phobia tradition.
Resources:
HIV/AIDS: funds
intended for unsafe sex have been used for the general public on the grounds
that AIDS is not considered to be an exclusively male or female problem. Other
funds are assigned to other issues;
The high cost of drugs;
Impoverishment of
people living with HIV/AIDS.
Communication:
Denial and invisibility
of the groups’ active in specific HIV/AIDS campaigns; Media ignorance,
sensationalism, Sex talk phobia and the association of AIDS unwillingness.
Limited, repressive and stereotyped coverage in the mass media.
3. TARGET
AUDIENCE:
3.1 PRIMARY TARGET
GROUP;
Students
Teachers
Bahir Dar university
staff members
Young people
3.2 SECONDARY
TARGET GROUP; TARGET [INDIRECT]
Youth leaders
In-School Youth
All sexually active
people in university
Out-of-School Youth Anti-AIDS
Clubs
Youth Associations
Male Students
Female Students
Disabled People
Community Leaders
Politicians
Religious Leaders
Traditional Healers
Health Workers
Counselors
General Public
Men
Women
4. MEDIA STRATEGY MIX
The campaign will focus on the production of mass media
behavior change communication (BCC) program focused on youth with the aim of
effecting changes to personal behaviors and attitudes in order to reduce the
risk of HIV/AIDS infection. The campaign will support the development and
production of television and radio drama series that utilizes the
“enter(tain)-educate” approach to behavior change. The drama series will be
broadcast locally, free-to-air on Amhara radio and fm 96.9 MHR during the prime
viewing /hearing period, with at least one repeat show broadcast per week. The
series will run over one year and facilitate the mechanism of role modeling,
which is a best-practice approach to promoting behavior change where there is
already a high level of awareness of the issue at hand (in this case HIV/AIDS).
This drama series will complemented and supported by
radio phone-in programs to be broadcast locally, free-to-air on Amhara radio
and fm 96.9 MHR radio after each TV broadcast in order to provide immediate
feedback on the interpretation and assimilation of messages and the opportunity
for interactive dialogue for youth concerned about issues raised. The campaign
will also support complementary, youth-focused documentaries, television and
radio community message spots and materials for the print media (newspapers,
popular youth magazines, etc.).
All materials will be based on comprehensive,
audience-based research. The entertainment target will be people of all ages,
with specific messages to be targeted at young people and their families,
community members, and other role models. Messages will aim to enhance factors
that protect against vulnerability and high-risk behavior and to increase the
likelihood of harm reduction behaviors being adopted (e.g., condom use). In
addition, the role modeling and messaging will aim to reduce the stigma and
discrimination, and gender stereotypes, associated with HIV/AIDS risk.
Table 1.1 Media
strategy mix
Design Summary
|
Performance
Targets/Indicators
|
Data Sources/Reporting
Mechanisms
|
Assumption and Risks
|
Component 1
2.1 Contract media
agency through international bidding process (by month 1)
1.2 Mass media agency
to conduct baseline and formative research (months 3–6)
1.3 TV drama script
developed (by month 9)
1.4 Production and
broadcasting of TV and radio materials (months 9–13)
1.5 Broadcasting of provincial
radio phone-in (ongoing from months 9–13)
1.6 Monitoring TV
drama and radio phone in/qualitative research (from years 1–5)
1.7 Design and
produce associated IPC materials (months 9–13)
1.8 Monitor use of
IPC materials by project partners (months 12–13)
1.9 Train partners in
IPC use (months 1-2, 3–5, and 7–13)
1.10 Website
developed and operational (from month 13)
1.11 Resource center
established and equipped (by month 13)
1.12 Train print, TV
and radio journalists (months 1-2, 3–5, and 7–13)
1.13 Orientation
and/or training for hot-line management and/or staff (months 5–
8, 5–7, and 7–9)
|
university consultants: 360
person-months
|
||
IPC = interpersonal
communication;
5. STRATEGY USE OF
MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Safe sexual reproduction,
drag harms reduction and HIV/AIDS prevention video/film educational clips
produced and shown during the campaign.
Participating university
students identified and contacted.
Campaign Project staff
training and orientation.
Reproductive Health and
HIV AIDs prevention/awareness IEC material developed and produced.
IEC materials
disseminated to the participating schools.
Meetings/training held
with university staff before the student shows. Staff training is on acting as
Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS prevention peer educators to in university.
Number of schools covered
and their populations + their locations (staff and students).
Number of films
sensitization shows conducted.
Number of media Houses
contacted and covering the events.
We will write to or call newspapers, television and other
media houses to inform them about our project and discuss how they can participate
in this project. (Quarterly Media coverage) .We is currently negotiating media
promotion of the project with amhara mass media agency (AMMA) as
project partners.
We will create posters and other IEC materials
about RH, STIs, HIV/AIDS, gender and GBV and distribute/display them
in them participating schools.
Banners will be raised at
the activity venues during the educative shows.
A comprehensive and
youth-focused mass media campaign is the centerpiece of the Project.
Incorporating television, radio, and print media, the campaign will aim to
reduce risk and prevent infection for youth.
6. CONTROL THE CAMPAIGN
Four seminars and a
festival to bring younger people from in the two Bahir Dar university campus
together to engage in discussion, and to provide information about the HIV
virus and HIV/AIDS preventive measures.
The launching of a
website under the auspices of Bahir Dar University, and the establishment
of a resource with all materials and information produced by the project/
campaign/.
A conference to inform
the public, academics and researchers about the project.
Hosting the work of
other scientists and initiate discussions and bringing together official
agencies to collaborate about future information campaigns and the means of
reducing HIV infection rates.
The formation of the
QCC (Quality Control Committee), consisting of representatives from all
involved organizations, to monitor and evaluate project procedures.
The campaign may be
considered to be good practice as aims to generate an interactive educational
databank, under the mantle of four different sources of information:
(1) The production and
distribution of booklets, leaflets and posters,
(2) Seminars and a
Music Festival,
(3) The Launch of a Website, and Music
Festival,
(4) Final Conference
and Music Festival,
The purpose of this four-level educational campaign network is to disseminate the information and advice to the general public and especially people aged 18 and above years old (HIV patients inclusive), university society, young peoples, who are more likely to be sexually active in university, and contribute to the reduction of the HIV/AIDS infection rates in Bahir Dar university.
The purpose of this four-level educational campaign network is to disseminate the information and advice to the general public and especially people aged 18 and above years old (HIV patients inclusive), university society, young peoples, who are more likely to be sexually active in university, and contribute to the reduction of the HIV/AIDS infection rates in Bahir Dar university.
6.1 Control project
strategy/tools:
Education, communication
and Advocacy
6.2 Control activities:
6.2.1 Awareness raising and promotional activities:
Youth and HIV/AIDS- Young
people represent the reservoir from which those most likely to become
vulnerable and adopt high-risk behaviors will come. Strategies for targeting
the attitudes and behaviors of young people—whether for commercial or social
purposes are unique and evidence from a range of sectors show they can be
effectively developed for high impact. This is the challenge and rationale for targeting
youth in HIV/AIDS prevention efforts. In order to target youth for HIV/AIDS
prevention effectively, it is important to distinguish between the different
situations of young people and their risk of HIV/AIDS infection. While an overall
goal of improving knowledge for behavior change will be the same for all
groups, the specific objectives and approaches will differ according to the
characteristics of subgroups, their situations and behaviors. The three groups
identified for programming purposes control are as follows;
(i) Mainstream- Those that could become vulnerable
or high-risk. They are in university student or employed with a reasonable
salary and have good family and community support structures and social
connectedness. The challenge with this group is to identify and reinforce the
“protective” factors that reduce their overall lifetime HIV/AIDS risk profile.
As with many public health interventions, primary prevention for this group
would have significant economic benefits, as the cost of interventions is
relatively low.
(ii) Vulnerable- Those in a situation that makes
them vulnerable to adopting high-risk behaviors. It includes university dropouts,
the unemployed or poorly employed, migrant youth, youth living in poverty, and
homeless youth. Particular industries such as tourism, shipping, and
construction are particularly attractive to young people, yet they can place
them in situations where they are more likely to adopt high-risk behaviors.
(iii) High-risk- Those already engaging in
unprotected sex with multiple partners and/or sex workers and/or injecting drug
users who share needles.
We will write to or call newspapers, television and other
media houses to inform them about our project and discuss how they can
participate in this project. (Weekly, monthly Media coverage).
We are currently negotiating media promotion of the
project with Amhara mass media agency (AMMA) as project partners.
We will create posters and other IEC materials
about RH, STIs, HIV/AIDS, distribute/display them in them participating
schools. Banners will be raised at the activity venues during the
educative shows.
6.3 Control the issues
All
our objectives will be achieved by:
1.
Training teachers as
student peer educators on issues relating to RH, STIs,
HIV/AIDS in participating university (108), (Teachers will
be patrons to the students RH clubs)
2.
Visiting tow main Bahir Dar
university campuses, in each campus we plan to reach 800- 1000 students, this
making a total of 30,000 and above students in a year.
3.
Using well documented
IEC, we will make presentations and encourage discussions
before and after the shows to educate the school
participants on HIV and AIDS prevention.
4.
We will have HIV/AIDS
speakers and youth counselors talking about their life with
HIV and AIDS;
5.
Project monitoring will
be part and partial of the project activities, beneficiary
assessments/question and answer will be taken on sight.
6.
We shall make follow up
visits to school to get feedback and also fill evaluation control forms.
6.4 Flight Schedule
University campaign per week,
University campaign per term,
University campaign per year,
Average population in the university expected
to attend is 800 -1000 students Staff members
in university range between
25-50
6.5
Project period
• More than One year
period /in Ethiopian calendar / 2012-13/
Date of creation of the
campaign, period and duration
|
October 2012-
October 2013
13 months |
Listing of material needed to create
the campaign; Booklets, Leaflets, Posters, musical
band, clinical offices.
7. IMPLEMENTATION
ARRANGEMENTS
7.1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
The Amhara region
HIV/AIDS control will be the Executing Agency (EA). In this project campaigns,
located within Bahir Dar University, will work under the overall guidance of a
project steering committee.
The steering committee will
provide guidance to ensure timely and effective performance of the Project, and
supervise strategic planning and review and propose modifications and changes
to project implementation.
The implementing agencies include several government
entities, and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) led by the respective the
amhara region HIV/AIDS control office. A contracted media production firm will
implement.
The campaign will be Contracted service delivery NGOs and
civil society and mass organizations such as the Youth and Women’s Unions will
implement.
The campaign, along with the Department of Education for university-based
activities and the the amhara region HIV/AIDS control office collaborators
parent-focused programs. A project management unit (PMU) will provide technical
and coordination support and will work under the guidance of a project steering
committee headed by the minister of HIV/AIDS control office. It will establish
a provincial PMU to be guided by the amhara region HIV/AIDS control office.
Implementation arrangements will ensure close collaboration and coordination
with the amhara region HIV/AIDS control office for AIDS Control at the central
level and with its university equivalent, the campaign AIDS committee.
The steering committee will be chaired by the leader of The
amhara region HIV/AIDS control office (president or Vice president) and members
will include senior officials from the participating university staff and
organizations, including the amhara region of Planning and Investment office,
the Amhara region of Culture and Information office, Amhara region of Education
and Training office, the Amhara region of Finance, office the State Bank of Ethiopia
,MOH, the Youth Union, the Women’s Union, amhara radio, FM96.9MHR and the student’s
council Union.
The campaign will coordinate national and provincial
activities, and serve as a liaison point in the university, the Amhara region
HIV/AIDS control, A project director will head the campaign, with the support
of a vice director and at least six full-time staff to provide technical
expertise and administrative support in areas of accounting, contract
administration, disbursement, planning, and procurement. Figure 1 show the
project management and implementation structure.
Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention
towards drag harm reduction campaign will be established by the Amhara region
HIV/AIDS control for each subproject, with a director, accountant, and
component activity coordinator(s). Each Safe sexual
reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention towards drag harm reduction campaign
will oversee the implementation of all subproject activities by NGOs and other
mass organizations monitor and evaluate province-based project activities to
ensure the quality of project outputs, and Report to the Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention
towards drag harm reduction campaign committee.
7.2 CAMPAIGN MANAGEMENT
AND IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURE
Figure 1: Indicative Organizational Diagram
Figure .2:
Indicative Fund Flow
Diagram
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7.3 PROJECT INVESTMENT
PLAN
The Project is
estimated to cost 5/five/ million birr, including duties and taxes.
Grant Financing Plan the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office
has requested the Ethiopian Development Bank (EDB) to provide a grant of 3
million from its Special Funds (Asian Development Fund HIV/AIDS control Grants
Program), representing 60% of the total
project cost. The Amhara HIV/AIDS control office will provide counterpart funds
totaling 2 million equivalents.
7.4 Financing Plan
(In birr million) Source Total %
Ethiopian Development
Bank (EDB)
3 million 60%
The Amhara HIV/AIDS
control office 2 million 40%
Total
5 million
100%
7.4 IMPLEMENTATION
PERIOD AND SCHEDULE
The Project will be
implemented over a year from about October 2012; October 2013 e.c. Provincial
activities will be implemented in weekly and monthly phases.
7.5
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
Harm Reduction
Provide counseling on
alcohol and substance abuse in relation with HIV in clinical settings in the
two Bahir Dar university main campuses.
Integrate alcohol and
substance abuse with the peer outreach program on in school youth, Sex Workers
and their clients in Bahir Dar town.
Alcohol and substance
Abuse /remove/ Harm HIV risk/reduce/ Approach
Harm reduction is a
non-judgmental public health and human rights approach.
Harm reduction aims to
make these behaviors as safe as possible, without necessarily reducing them.
Conduct baseline assessment to understand the patterns
and levels of drag use among target communities (Bahir Dar university students’
areas intervention sites)
Implement peer outreach and community intervention on
alcohol and substance use in the university. Work on deglamorizing binge drink
and/or Khat chewing through Media literacy & counter-marketing activity.
Strongly work to shift existing Alcohol drinking and Khat
chewing norms through social events and organizing community discussion
programs for social decision.
Integrate Alcohol and Khat abuse counseling into peer
program and develop referral system between peer leaders and clinical service
providers.
All core trainers/peer outreach workers (88) and peer leaders
(1136) in the campaign will be provided training on Alcohol and/or Khat abuse
harm reduction to reach 30,000 university students in a year.
Integrate
issues of Alcohol and/or Khat harm reduction within the radio program that is
going to be produced for the Amhara mass media radio and FM96.9 MHR.
The Amhara HIV/AIDS control office together with the Bahir
Dar University Psychiatry department will adapt and develop training curriculum
for prevention of use of alcohol/Khat and HIV/AIDS related risks reduction counseling
at clinical settings.
The Amhara HIV/AIDS control office will train a pool of
trainers 20 professional, which will serve as a sustainable resource for programme
development and replication in their region.
The Amhara
HIV/AIDS control office will provide Alcohol and/or Khat harm reduction
counseling for 32 healths professional from health institutions in five hotspot
MARPs intervention sites.
7.6 IMPLEMENTATION
ARRANGEMENTS
7.6.1 PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
The Amhara HIV/AIDS control office will be the Executing Agency (EA). Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention towards drag harm reduction campighn located within the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office, will work under the overall guidance of a project steering committee. It sated the above the steering committee will be chaired by the leader of the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office president or Vice-President) and members will include senior officials from the participating ministries and organizations, including the regional of Planning and Investment office, the regional of Culture and Information office, the regional of Education and Training office…
The Amhara HIV/AIDS control office will be the Executing Agency (EA). Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention towards drag harm reduction campighn located within the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office, will work under the overall guidance of a project steering committee. It sated the above the steering committee will be chaired by the leader of the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office president or Vice-President) and members will include senior officials from the participating ministries and organizations, including the regional of Planning and Investment office, the regional of Culture and Information office, the regional of Education and Training office…
A campaigning project management unit (CPMU) will be
established by the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office for each subproject, with a
director, accountant, and component activity coordinator(s). Each campaign will
Oversee the implementation of all subproject activities by NGOs and other mass
organizations.
Monitor and evaluate
province-based project activities to ensure the quality of project outputs, and
Report to the campaigns committee.
7.7 IMPLEMENTATION
PERIOD AND SCHEDULE
The Project will be implemented over a year from about October 2012, October 2013. Campaign activities will be implemented in weekly and monthly phases.
The Project will be implemented over a year from about October 2012, October 2013. Campaign activities will be implemented in weekly and monthly phases.
Implementation schedule
Appendex1
Activity
 m
1-3
|
o
6
|
n
9
|
th
12
|
|
 Campaign 1: Leadership and
Strategy Support |
||||
Appointment of the Youth Policy & HIV/AIDS Advisor
 |
||||
Development of the advocacy plan for the a year
|
||||
 Youth related issues published in magazines and
Websites and musical festivals on the related issue
|
||||
 Awareness-raising workshop with students and bahir dar
university staff members |
||||
 Workshops with project implementing partners and
service providers
|
||||
 Component 2: Mass Media and
IPC Materials |
||||
 Contract agency to implement and/or manage |
||||
Formative and/or baseline research
|
 |
|||
 Develop mass media and IPC material production
Plans while musical campaigns |
||||
 Recruitment and training of TV production staff |
||||
TV drama story and script development
|
||||
Monitoring of TV drama and/or qualitative research
|
 |
|||
 Provincial radio phone-in program development  |
||||
Broadcast of provincial radio phone-in program with
 Monitoring while Make seminars and conferences for
teachers and students |
||||
 Regular publication of print articles and columns |
||||
 Design and production of IPC materials |
||||
 Monitor distribution, use, and impact of IPC materials |
||||
 Develop website and monitor usage for feedback
and/or modification
|
||||
 Establishment of IPC materials clearinghouse
Make seminars and conferences for teachers and students
|
||||
 Training of EA staff for clearinghouse management |
 |
|||
 Training for print, TV, and radio journalists |
||||
 Project Management |
||||
The campaign and
CPMU established with funds transferred
|
||||
 Annual budgets and transfer funds to agencies and
CPMU accounts
|
||||
 advisers: youth policy, M&E, and capacity
building
|
 |
|||
 Develop project M&E framework and reporting system |
 |
|||
Baseline survey, midterm and final evaluation report
|
||||
Project close and final account audit
|
 |
|||
IPC = interpersonal
communication, M&E = monitoring and evaluation, NGO = nongovernment
organization, CPMU=
Campaign project
management unit, VCT= voluntary counseling and testing.
7.8 REPORTING
Prior to grant
effectiveness, the Amhara HIV/AIDS
control office will submit monthly reports to Development Bank in the region on the steps being taken for
achieving effectiveness. After the Project becomes effective, the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office will
prepare a quarterly progress report summarizing.
(i) Progress made
against established targets;
(ii) Delays and
problems encountered, and actions taken to resolve issues;
(iii) Compliance with
grant covenants;
(iv) Proposed program of activities for the
next 6 months;
(v) Expected progress
during the succeeding period; and
(vi) Status of
provincial activities. Within each phases three months of project completion, the Amhara HIV/AIDS control office
will prepare and submit a project completion report to Development Bank in the region.
7.9 CAMPAIGN PROJECT
REVIEW
The Government and Development Bank in the region will conduct periodic reviews of
the Project to ensure smooth implementation. The Government and Development Bank in the region will
jointly undertake a phase 1 review after 13 months of implementation. The
review will focus on the experience of implementation in the four phases. Given
the coordination role played by the MOH for national HIV/AIDS strategy, all
reports will be shared and participation in review missions will be invited.
8. PROJECT PERFORMANCE
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
Monitoring and evaluation of HIV/AIDS-related campaign
and projects are a key challenge for the Government. There has been significant
technical expertise directed at establishing a regional monitoring and
evaluation system, supported by the Ethiopian developmental bank amhara branch
HIV/AIDS project. It is expected that all internationally supported projects
will utilize a common set of monitoring indicators. While the framework for the
campaign held place target of the project is still to be finalized, the
measures indicated in the design and monitoring framework are consistent with
the most up-to-date draft. The Project will also support some ongoing analysis
of data to further develop and refine youth- and media BCC-related measures,
both as an input to refining the design of this Project and for adoption in
other activities, including the Government’s regional system. The PMU will work
with the CPMUs to ensure that timely and effective data collection systems are
in place and that information collected is analyzed and used to refine project
activities through the course of implementation. All data will be disaggregated
by gender and ethnicity.
8.1
Monitoring and Evaluation Data flow
 |
 |
|||
 |
|||
8.2 EXPECTED OUTPUTS/RESULTS
1. Awareness
and prevention precautions will rise about HIV/AIDS amongst the sexually active
Bahir
Dar university students going age groups throughout two
campuses.
2. Teachers
trained as student peer educators. (Over 2160 teachers in two campuses)
3. HIV/AIDS
prevention and other reproductive IEC materials developed and disseminated to
the participating two campuses);
4. Educative
entertainment festivals show and HIV/AIDS prevention messages screened to
students in the participating campus (awareness product),
5. An
inventory of initiatives involved in the HIV/AIDS prevention amongst young
people in Ethiopia or Bahir Dar university described and made available to the relevant
decision-makers and practitioners; and
6. Students
acquire knowledge on Sexual reproductive health and prevention of HIV/AIDS.
7. Monitoring
and Evaluation (M&E) tools for Sexual reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS
prevention amongst sexually active students developed and implemented for this
particular project.
8.3IMPACT AND OUTCOME
The project design is
based on an extensive review of the needs, current portfolio of funding agency
assistance, and identified gaps in the context of the national HIV/AIDS
strategy.
The Project was
developed through extensive consultation with the Amhara HIV/AIDS control
Secretariat, MOH, provincial authorities, and campaign partners.
The ultimate goal of
the Project is to help Bahir Dar university students achieve Safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention
towards drag harm reduction have halted by 2013 e.c and begun to reverse the
spread of HIV/AIDS. To achieve this, the campaign aims to reduce the HIV/AIDS
infection risk among young people by assisting the Government to implement a
comprehensive youth-focused behavior change communication program. More
specifically, the campaign seeks to;
increase condom use,
especially for high-risk sex;
increase the proportion
of young people identifying a formal source of condoms;
increase the proportion
of young people more than 18 years of age with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS; and
Reduce drag using in
targeted university.
A comprehensive and
youth-focused mass media campaign is the centerpiece of the Project.
Incorporating television, radio, and print media, the campaign will aim to
reduce risk and prevent infection for youth. The campaign will be complemented
by activities focused on leadership support for HIV/AIDS prevention with a
youth focus, as proposed under the national HIV/AIDS strategy, as well as a
comprehensive program of community-based activities at the university level. university
activities will include services for youth in high-risk situations (drug use
and sex work) as well as information campaigns focused on youth who are
vulnerable by nature of their work or personal circumstances (e.g., age
behavior, environmental influences the growing industrial zones). University-based
activities will also include a communication program targeted at families,
particularly parents, with the goal of creating healthy environments for youth
where they can receive support that will reduce their HIV vulnerability.
Leadership and university community-focused activities will all be based on,
and aligned with, the mass media campaign messages to enhance resonance and
effectiveness.
Outputs
The Project is designed
to deliver four specific outputs:
ª A
more effective policy environment for a youth focus in implementing the
national HIV/AIDS strategy;
ª More
knowledge sharing in relation to HIV/AIDS risks and prevention and associated
issues for youth;
ª Increased
access by youth to HIV harm reduction and prevention education programs in
project provinces; and
ª A
stronger capacity of HIV/AIDS control Secretariat to monitor and evaluate
progress in delivering the outputs, and to design and implement programs to
continue building its capacity.
In line with these outputs, the scope of the Project is
divided into the following four components.
Consistent with the directions provided by the national
HIV/AIDS strategy, the Project will reduce HIV infection risk behaviors among
youth aged 18 and above. It should result in more than 30,000 HIV/AIDS
vulnerable groups protect them a year period. This will provide positive social
and economic benefits, including the avoidance of costs associated with reduced
productivity and the prolonged periods of care and treatment needed by
patients. Campaign activities will target program integration, from the regional
to the community level, with advocacy and support for youth programs. The
outcome will be an improved policy environment for a youth focus in the
implementation of a regional HIV/AIDS strategy.
Campaign activities will support the production of a high
quality, mass media behavior change communication program focused on youth and
their families. The program will include television, radio, and print media in
an integrated, reinforcing package. The outcome will be improved knowledge in relation
to HIV/AIDS risks and prevention and associated issues for youth, including
accepting condom use as normal, and the effect of harmful gender stereo-types
and stigma and discrimination on people at high risk and on people already
infected.
The Campaign comprises
three subcomponents:
Comprehensive
harm reduction services (including the provision of voluntary counseling and
testing, condoms, and drag use) and the provision of information, and peer
education in settings that are accessible to youth;
Peer
education and life skills training for vulnerable youth in universities other
settings;
Primary prevention through
university-based education and community reach to parents on youth and HIV/AIDS
issues.
The
outcome in project provinces should be an increase in the proportion of youth
with access to services and a reduction in the number of new infections.
Component activities
will support project management, capacity building, and youth-focused
monitoring and evaluation.
8.4 Project Investment
Plan
The Project is
estimated to cost 5 million Ethiopian birr, including duties and taxes.
Period of Utilization the grant will be utilized until 31
October 2012/13.
Estimated Project Completion Date
31 September 2013
8.5 Sustainability
The Amhara region HIV/AIDS control secretariat Promoting
safe sexual reproductive and HIV/AIDS prevention campaign is in a unique
position to implement a project with so many inter-connected strands. The
existence of Bahir Dar University as functional units /operating entities.
Central to this project is empowerment, and phasing of
responsibility within the institutional context. The project is not creating
new structures of doubtful longevity and depth. The Amhara region HIV/AIDS
control secretariat has looked at sustainability in more detail, and will
prepare a plan, which investigate alternative options for sustainability given
the goal of sustainable impact rather than sustainable financing.
8.5 .1 Technical Sustainability
Activities are based on priorities set in the project
proposal and have been discussed with some stakeholders and discussions will
continue before, during and after the project.
8.5 .2 Economic sustainability
We will seek sponsorship from local businesses and
corporate companies for the economic sustainability of this project. We will
discuss the possibility of doing this project every phase with the aid of the
corporate contributions with emphasis being put on Bahir Dar university that
have not been reached.
Proximate beneficiaries of the project are Ethiopia youth
and all stakeholder organizations. Ultimate beneficiaries include the people of
Ethiopia, through improved access to HIV/AIDS and reproductive health
information.
The project will target the 30,000 and above students in Bahir
Dar university. It will also involve and target the 3200-5400 staff members in
the two campuses.
When we talk about teachers also as beneficiaries because
before the shows begin we shall hold meetings with the school staff.
The information received could be further disseminated to
over 600,000 populations in the community through word of mouth (Holistic
approach).
8.5 .3 Outreach to Marginalized Youth
In the university setup, students come from all walks of
life (poor humble families, students who stay with cruel step parents, students
who have been given a chance to go to school by ‘sugar daddies).With this
project we give them a chance to know their rights and a chance to stay safe
from the killer disease and other injustices that sexual related.
In Bahir Dar University girls are targeted by older men
commonly known as sugar daddies, cases of sugar mummies are few but they still
exist. We need these students to know that they get money in morally justified
ways after school.
8.5 .4 Project Investment Plan
The Project is
estimated to cost 5 million equivalent birr (Table 1). A summary of cost
estimates is in Table 1, and further details are in Appendix 8.
Table 1: Project Investment Plan
Item
|
Amounts
|
A. Base Cost
1. Leadership and
Strategy Support
2. Mass Media and IPC
Materials for Behavior Change
3. university-Based
HIV/AIDS Prevention Services
4. Project
Management, M&E, and Capacity Building
Subtotal (A)
|
250,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
1,500,000
4,250,000
|
B. Taxes and Duties 250,000
C. Contingencies 500,000
Total
(A+B+C) 5,000,000
Source: assumption
8.5 .5 Financing Plan
The Government has
requested a grant of 3million from Ethiopian Development Fund (EDF) for the
control of HIV/AIDS and infectious diseases to help finance the Project. The amhara
HIV/AIDS will provide counterpart funds of 2 million birr equivalent for taxes
and recurrent costs. The indicative financing plan is in Table 2.
Table 2: Financing Plan
(Ethiopian birr millions)
Source
Total
%
Asian Development
Bank 3 60
Government
2 40
Total 5 100.0
Source: assumption
Financing for the local currency cost is justified under
EDB’s local currency financing policy. Strengthening Ethiopia’s capacity and
resources for responding to HIV/AIDS is a government priority given the
humanitarian and economic costs of a rapidly spreading epidemic.
While the Government has committed additional resources
for the implementation of a comprehensive response, a financing gap exists even
when other international aid support is accounted for. Effective responses must
be local and engage communities, thus requiring local expenditure. A higher
percentage of local financing for this Project is consistent with EDB policy.
Although no co financing is envisioned at this time, co
financing from both public and commercial sources may be mobilized in future to
complement EDB financing. Co financing arrangements will be presented for
Government and EDB consideration as necessary. The Government has committed to
providing counterpart funds promptly to ensure early implementation of the
Project.
8.6 PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION AND DATABASE
This project has a holistic way off reaching different
audiences, that’s why we state it will target bout in university and out of
school youth in Bahir Dar.
The impact of the activities will be measured by the
program using through the overall evaluation plan, focusing on measuring the
extent to which the outputs noted in the document have been achieved.
I also plan to create Feedback email and 24 hour
telephone line to get comments and other relevant information from the university
we visit.
The Amhara Regional HIV/AIDS control secretariat will to
establish a database on Sexual Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS
prevention/awareness initiatives, and a monitoring and evaluation support
function to help strengthen capacity for analysis of the impacts of the Station
project and various initiatives. An M&E officer/Field monitor
will be required to combine programmatic expertise in designing and selecting
impact indicators tied to strategic plans, as well as in systems and
technologies for collecting, analyzing and feeding back such monitoring information.
Instrument 1; A core questionnaire containing over
40 structured questions and several open-ended questions will be designed,
pretested, and put into a suitable form. This will help in gathering
information from the beneficiaries.
Instrument 2; the Amhara region HIV/AIDS control
office will have the primary responsibility for financial administration and
management and for monitoring performance towards project
objectives. It will also be responsible for ensuring compliance with
the terms of the project agreement including the submission of financial and
technical reports.
Instrument 3; The Specific activities are
planned under each project objective. However, there are
inter-linkages between the objectives and activities as
well. Implementation of the activities is programmed over a one year
period with a plan of covering more schools over another two years. Certain
assumptions are made in this proposal such as training improves data collection
and analysis techniques, which in turn improves the production of HIV/AIDS
awareness /prevention and reproductive Health programs and .
Instrument 4; The choice of project indicators will
be participatory with the Amhara region HIV/AIDS control office Youth
Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS Awareness project campaign executants working
with key stakeholders through all stages (design, implementation, evaluation
and adaptation) of the M&E cycle.
Instrument 5; the project will prepare quarterly
technical reports, which will include project implementation information, goals
for the immediate future and analysis of lessons learned.
8.7 OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
The following indicators
will remain preliminary until the start of the project, when a participatory
planning process will refine them, linked to work planning. Indicators
chosen will monitor progress towards achievement of project objectives;
Assessment undertaken of
training needs of youth/students and Staff.
8.8
Indicators
•more than 20,000 Bahir
Dar university communities of target groups reached with individual and/or
small group level behavioral interventions that are based on evidence and/or
meet the minimum standards required by target groups*
• 90% of targeted
outlets continuously supplied with condom
• Million of Condoms
distributed to target population by peer leaders by region and target group
• 5000 of individuals
referred to psychiatric clinics or health facilities by peer leaders for
further counseling and treatment.
•2000 of drag (Alcohol
and/or Khat) abuse norm shifting social events
•2500 of individuals
provided with clinical base counseling on drag (alcohol) and/or khat use
related risks
NB: All indicators are
subject to time frame, coverage and numbers (the university, beneficiaries, and
activities).
The Amhara region
hiv/aids control office welcomes partners and sponsors for this project.
Please contact:
The Amhara region
hiv/aids control office –bahir dar ,
Amhara region power house
third building
P. o box 000000 bahir
dar, Ethiopia
Email: mastewwal2001@yahoo.com
24 hr Tel: +251918718307
REFERENCES
1.
Ministry of Health Ethiopia and Federal HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control
Office. 2007. Single Point HIV Prevalence Estimate. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia:
Ministry of Health Ethiopia and Federal HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office.
2. Ministry of Health Ethiopia. 2005. HIV/AIDS
Behavioural Surveillance Survey (BSS). 3.
Federal Democratic Ethiopia, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office and
Global AIDS Monitoring & Evaluation Team. 2008. HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: An
Epidemiologic Synthesis.Washington, DC: The International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.
4. Habte, D. 2008. Assessment on the
Distribution of At Risk population and HIV/AIDS Referral Services: Baseline
Assessment for MCT Program in Afar Regional State.
5. Yilma, M. 2008. Assessment on the
Distribution of At Risk population and HIV/AIDS Referral Services: Baseline
Assessment for MCT Program in Afar Regional State.
6. Andualem, W. and K. Gilbert. 2000.
Implementation of Mobile Counseling and Testing in Ethiopia: Preliminary
lessons from the Oromiya Region. Bethesda, MD: Public-Private Partnerships for
HIV and TB in Ethiopia project, Abt Associates Inc.
7. Herek, G., J. Capitanio, K. Widaman. 2003.
Stigma, social risk, and health policy: Public attitudes toward HIV
surveillance policies and the social construction of illness. Health Psychology
22:533– 540.
8. Herek, G., and J. Capitanio. 1999. AIDS
stigma and sexual prejudice. American Behavioral Science 42:1130–1147.
9. Day, J., K. Miyamura, A. Grant, et al.
2003. Attitudes to HIV voluntary counseling and testing among mineworkers in
South Africa: will availability of antiretroviral therapy encourage testing?
AIDS Care. 15:665–672.
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